Consider the following C declarationstruct { short s[5]; union { float y; long z; }u;} t;Assume that objects of the type short, float and long occupy 2 bytes, 4 bytes and 8 bytes, respectively. The memory requirement for variable t, ignoring alignment considerations, isa)22 bytesb)14 bytesc)18 bytesd)10 bytesCorrect answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Question

Consider the following C declarationstruct {  short s[5];  union {    float y;    long z;  }u;} t;Assume that objects of the type short, float and long occupy 2 bytes, 4 bytes and 8 bytes, respectively. The memory requirement for variable t, ignoring alignment considerations, isa)22 bytesb)14 bytesc)18 bytesd)10 bytesCorrect answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Answer

The given C declaration defines a structure named 't' with two members: an array of 5 shorts named 's' and a union named 'u' which has two possible members, a float named 'y' and a long named 'z'.

Memory Requirement Calculation:
To calculate the memory requirement for variable t, we need to consider the size of each member and any padding that may be added for alignment considerations.

1. Size of the short array 's':
Since each short occupies 2 bytes, the total size of the short array is 5 * 2 = 10 bytes.

2. Size of the union 'u':
The size of a union is determined by the size of its largest member. In this case, the float 'y' occupies 4 bytes and the long 'z' occupies 8 bytes. Thus, the size of the union is 8 bytes.

3. Size of the structure 't':
The size of a structure is determined by the sum of the sizes of its members. In this case, the size of the structure is the sum of the size of the short array and the size of the union, which is 10 bytes + 8 bytes = 18 bytes.

Therefore, the memory requirement for variable t, ignoring alignment considerations, is 18 bytes.

Note: The given answer option 'C' is correct.

Answer

Short array s[5] will take 10 bytes as size of short is 2 bytes.

When we declare a union, memory allocated for the union is equal to memory needed for the largest member of it, and all members share this same memory space. Since u is a union, memory allocated to u will be max of float y(4 bytes) and long z(8 bytes). So, total size will be 18 bytes (10 + 8).

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